Discover Everything About Schipperke
Learn about the breed characteristics, health, history, and find trusted breeders
At a glance
Schipperke overview
The essentials — key facts, traits, and health priorities — before you dive deeper.
Health grade
Relative to other breeds
The Schipperke is an exceptionally robust and long-lived small dog with very few genetic health concerns. Brachyury (congenital short tail) is the only formal issue recorded; additionally, buyers should ensure that parents have been tested for Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPS IIIB) and Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA). If you are looking for a fit, primitive companion, this breed is an excellent choice in terms of health.
Lifespan
12–15 yrs
Height
25–33 cm
Weight
5–7 kg
Practical
- Puppy price: 1,200 – 2,500 €
- Coat: Short, dense, with undercoat
- Origin: Belgium
Typical coat colors
- Black
Temperament
Daily life
What matters most
Especially with a Schipperke, choosing the right breeder is the single most important decision you'll make. Serious breeders consistently test the parents for inherited conditions, prioritize healthy early socialization, and stay accountable long after handover. A cheap puppy without health screening tends to become the most expensive dog later on.
See HonestDog breeder standards →Is the Schipperke right for you?
The Schipperke is a curious, high-energy miniature shepherd—bred as a tireless guardian and ratter on Belgian canal boats, possessing the stamina of a large dog despite its small size.
Perfect for you if:
- You are looking for the energy, eagerness to learn, and endurance of a large shepherd in an extremely compact, everyday-ready package.
- You want to get actively involved in dog sports (like agility or obedience)—this former working dog will wither away without a real job to do.
- You appreciate a very attentive companion who keeps a reliable eye on its territory and lets you know when something is amiss.
- You have the necessary consistency to set clear, fair boundaries from the start for a lightning-smart, sometimes headstrong little guy.
Less ideal if:
- You live in an apartment with thin walls—loudly reporting every unfamiliar sound is his genetic core competency, not just a bad habit.
- You are actually looking for a quiet lap dog who is content with leisurely strolls around the block in the afternoon.
- You keep small animals like rabbits or guinea pigs free-roaming in your home—his historical legacy as a ruthless ratter is still very much alive.
The real vibes check
A Schipperke simply doesn't know he's small—he patrols your house and garden like a strict captain on his cargo boat. You aren't buying a cute dwarf, but a full-fledged, lightning-fast shepherd in pocket format that wants to be taken seriously. If you channel his vigilant, work-oriented spirit into productive paths, you will have the most loyal shadow by your side.
Breed Profile
The Schipperke is a small but strong and robust breed of dog. They are known for their distinctive black fur, pointed ears, and bushy, backwards-swept tail that is often carried over their back. The Schipperke's body is compact but well proportioned, with a proud and confident expression. They are members of FCI Group 1: Herding and Cattle Dogs, although today they are mostly kept as companion dogs. There is no distinction between performance and show lines in Schipperkes as they were traditionally kept as working dogs and these characteristics are still present in the breed today.
| Height | 25 - 30 cm (Female), 28 - 33 cm (Male) |
| Weight | 5 - 7 kg (Female), 5 - 7 kg (Male) |
| Life Expectancy | 12 - 15 years |
| Character | Alert, independent, energetic |
| Coat | Short, dense, with undercoat |
| Coat Color | Black |
| Price | 1200 - 2500 € |
History
Schipperkes come from Belgium and have been recognized as an independent breed since the 16th century. They were originally bred by Flemish craftsmen and sailors as guard dogs for their houses and ships. Hence their name: "Schipperke" is Flemish and means “little boatman”. Despite their small size, they were known to be very effective at repelling intruders and were often referred to as "little black devils." designated. The breed became more popular in the 19th century and spread to other parts of Europe and eventually the United States.
The Schipperke was used as a guard dog on inland waterways and in households, valued for its alertness and energy.
Belgium
1600
Character & Temperament
Despite their small size, the Schipperke is a highly energetic and alert dog with a strong personality. They are very people-oriented and build a strong bond with their family. Their original role as guard dogs is still visible in their behavior today: they are very attentive and will often react by barking to unusual noises or movements. This makes them excellent guard dogs, although of course they do not pose a physical threat due to their size. Schipperkes are also known for being very playful and active. They enjoy physical activities and games and need regular exercise to stay happy and healthy. Despite their energy, they can also easily learn to stay alone as long as they get enough mental and physical stimulation. In terms of hunting and prey catching behavior, Schipperkes tend to have a fairly strong prey drive. This is likely a holdover from their past as ship guards, where they were often used to catch rats and other pests. Therefore, it is important to ensure that they are kept in a safe environment and that they are kept on a leash when walking to prevent them from chasing after small animals. When it comes to their independence, Schipperkes are known to be quite stubborn. They have a strong will of their own and can be a little stubborn at times. However, this does not mean that they are not capable of learning or trainable, but rather that they require a patient and consistent hand in training. They respond well to positive reinforcement and enjoy completing tasks and challenges.
| Trainability Bred to work closely alongside humans. | Highly trainable |
| Watchfulness A natural watchdog with real protective instinct. | High |
| Openness to Strangers Neither pushily friendly nor suspicious. | Neutral |
| Hunting or Herding Drive Mild interest in movement and small animals — easily managed. | Low |
Fun Fact!
Although they are small, Schipperkes have the heart of a big dog and were affectionately known as "little black devils" in their native Belgium. called!
What Awaits You
Schipperkens were often kept as guard dogs in the past and are therefore very fond of barking. They are very intelligent and therefore a challenge to raise. Although they can function well in families, it should be kept in mind that this breed has a tendency to behave unfriendly towards strangers and dogs.
Housing & Care
Although they are small, Schipperkes are energetic dogs that require plenty of exercise and mental stimulation. They are therefore suitable for both city life and country life as long as their needs are met. They get along well with children but can sometimes be a bit territorial, so early socialization is important. Although they can tolerate other pets if properly socialized, their high prey-hunting tendencies can be a problem, especially with smaller pets such as cats.
| Family Friendly Loves family life and thrives in a group. | Family-oriented |
| Child Friendly Gets on well with children — with adult supervision. | With supervision |
| Dog Friendly Usually gets on fine with other dogs. | Generally tolerant |
| City Friendly Adapts well to city living and urban environments. | Well-suited to city life |
Owning a dog is not only a privilege, but also a responsibility. If you want to bring a dog into your life, you must be aware of the commitment that dog ownership entails!!
Training & Education
Schipperkes are intelligent, independent dogs that are well suited to various types of training, including obedience training, agility, and even dog sports. They have a natural tendency to guard and can therefore also be trained to be good guard dogs. Because of their active and energetic temperament, it is important that they are exercised both physically and mentally to prevent them from becoming bored and potentially developing destructive behavior. It is also important to note that Schipperkes can sometimes be challenging to raise due to their independence and strong will. They respond best to consistent but loving parenting with lots of positive reinforcement. It may be necessary to specifically train frustration tolerance and impulse control to ensure harmonious coexistence. A Schipperke that is well socialized and properly trained can be a wonderful family dog and a loyal companion.
Nutrition & Care
Schipperkes are small dogs with a good appetite. It is important to monitor their diet and ensure they do not become overweight as this can lead to health problems. A balanced diet with high-quality dog food tailored to their size, age and activity level is ideal. In terms of care, Schipperkes are relatively easy to care for. They have a dense, short coat with an undercoat that requires minimal grooming. A weekly brushing is usually enough to keep their coat healthy and clean. However, during the shedding phases in spring and autumn, they may shed more and therefore need to be brushed frequently. The climate in Germany is generally suitable for Schipperkes. Their thick undercoat offers them protection from colder temperatures, while their short fur doesn't weigh them down too much in the warmer months.
| Care Level Regular brushing and occasional professional grooming. | Moderate |
| Exercise Needs Needs several hours of serious exercise every day. | Very active |
| Shedding Regular shedding — dog hair on clothes is now normal. | Moderate |
| Trainability Bred to work closely alongside humans. | Highly trainable |
This information is currently being reviewed by experts. If you discover an error, please send an email to info@honestdog.de!!
Health
Robust
Health grade
The Schipperke is an exceptionally robust and long-lived small dog with very few genetic health concerns. Brachyury (congenital short tail) is the only formal issue recorded; additionally, buyers should ensure that parents have been tested for Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPS IIIB) and Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA). If you are looking for a fit, primitive companion, this breed is an excellent choice in terms of health.
Grade is relative to other breeds — AI-generated by our veterinary-genetics model.
In daily life this can mean
With joint-friendly exercise and a healthy weight, you can take the strain off their knees, while regular vet visits help to detect changes in the eyes or nervous system early on.
The breeder's role
Reputable breeders have the parents' knees, hips, and eyes tested and use genetic screening to consistently rule out serious metabolic diseases in the bloodline.
No Health Tests Available
No specific health tests are currently available for this breed.
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Frequently asked questions about the Schipperke
Is a Schipperke the right dog for me?
The Schipperke is an active dog that needs plenty of exercise and mental stimulation. Research the temperament, grooming needs, and space requirements before deciding.
How long does a Schipperke live?
The average life expectancy of a Schipperke is 12-15 years. With proper care and regular vet visits, your dog can live a long, healthy life.
How much grooming does a Schipperke need?
Schipperke grooming requirements include regular brushing, nail trimming, and dental care. HonestDog provides detailed grooming tips for every breed.
Is a Schipperke good for families with children?
The Schipperke can be a great family dog. Proper training and socialization are key. HonestDog provides family suitability information for every breed.
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