Discover Everything About Shih Tzu
Learn about the breed characteristics, health, history, and find trusted breeders
At a glance
Shih Tzu overview
The essentials — key facts, traits, and health priorities — before you dive deeper.
Health grade
Relative to other breeds
The Shih Tzu is rated D because, in addition to the breed-typical breathing difficulties (BOAS), the breed also has an increased risk of patellar luxation and various heart conditions. Patellar instability and heart disease are significant health concerns that must be carefully investigated when purchasing a puppy. Without consistent selective breeding regarding the airways and joints, there is a risk of chronic health issues.
Lifespan
10–16 yrs
Height
25–27 cm
Weight
4–7 kg
Practical
- Puppy price: 1,200 – 2,500 €
- Coat: Dense, smooth and long top coat without an undercoat
- Origin: China
Typical coat colors
- All colors allowed
Temperament
Daily life
What matters most
Especially with a Shih Tzu, choosing the right breeder is the single most important decision you'll make. Serious breeders consistently test the parents for inherited conditions, prioritize healthy early socialization, and stay accountable long after handover. A cheap puppy without health screening tends to become the most expensive dog later on.
See HonestDog breeder standards →Is the Shih Tzu right for you?
The Shih Tzu is a charming, strong-willed companion dog—bred as an Asian temple dog whose sole job for centuries has been to warm palaces and provide company.
Perfect for you if:
- You are looking for exactly what they were bred for: a pure companion dog whose greatest talent is simply resting by your side for hours on end.
- You live in an apartment or in the middle of the city and are perfectly happy with moderate walks.
- You appreciate a dog with a mind of its own and can smile at their charming, Tibetan stubbornness in everyday life.
- You enjoy intensive daily grooming as a shared ritual or have a set budget planned for a professional dog groomer.
Less ideal if:
- You expect snappy obedience—they were bred as palace dogs to be self-confident, not to follow commands blindly.
- You are looking for an enduring companion for long jogging sessions, bike rides, or intensive dog sports.
- You have a demanding job and would need to leave them alone for many hours at a time on a regular basis.
- You have very small, boisterous children who are expecting a robust playmate for rough-and-tumble games.
The real vibes check
A Shih Tzu is not a dog you give orders to—they are a little emperor who grants you an audience. If you accept that this dog prefers to sit regally on a cushion rather than march through the woods in the rain, you will gain an incredibly loyal shadow. You trade the 'will-to-please' of a working dog for a deeply relaxed companion with real character.
Breed Profile
The Shih Tzu is a small but proud dog with a luxurious, long coat and a distinctive flat muzzle. This breed belongs to FCI Group 9 of companion and companion dogs. Their body structure is compact and slightly longer than it is tall. Their ears are large and droop, often hidden beneath their long hair. A special feature of the Shih Tzu is its coat, which often grows so long that it touches the ground. Its tail is feathered and is happily carried over its back. The Shih Tzu is bred in a single line, so there is no distinction between show and performance lines.
| Height | 25 - 27 cm (Female), 25 - 27 cm (Male) |
| Weight | 4 - 7 kg (Female), 4 - 7 kg (Male) |
| Life Expectancy | 10 - 16 years |
| Character | Affectionate, happy, proud |
| Coat | Dense, smooth and long top coat without an undercoat |
| Coat Color | All colors allowed |
| Price | 1200 - 2500 € |
History
The Shih Tzu's roots lie in ancient China, where it was valued as a palace dog. The Shih Tzu is believed to have originated from crossing the Pekingese with the Lhasa Apso and was known as the "lion dog". because it was bred to resemble the mythological Chinese lion. In Imperial China, Shih Tzus were popular pets of the royal family and could only be kept by the royal family. It is said that Empress Dowager Cixi was particularly fond of these dogs. After her death in 1908, breeding in China became less strict, and Shih Tzus began to become known outside the country. The breed was introduced to England in the 1930s and recognized as a separate breed by the FCI in 1954.
The Shih Tzu was bred as a companion dog for Chinese nobility, valued for its friendly nature and luxurious coat.
China
Antike
Character & Temperament
The Shih Tzu is a true king among small dogs and is often described as loving, cheerful and somewhat stubborn. His royal heritage is reflected in his proud demeanor, but beneath that regal demeanor lies a warm heart and an unbridled affection for his family. As far as use goes, the Shih Tzu is primarily a companion dog. He is not there to till fields or herd livestock, but his main purpose is to provide companionship and joy. Accordingly, he loves being around people and is often referred to as a "shadow" because he likes to follow his owner everywhere. The Shih Tzu is a relatively calm dog, but that doesn't mean he isn't playful. In fact, Shih Tzus are often very playful and enjoy interacting with toys and family members. Their temperament is generally even-tempered, and although they can be alert to strange noises or people, they are not known to be aggressive or fearful dogs. Another aspect of the Shih Tzu's character is his attachment to his family. He bonds closely with his owners and can be very people-oriented. This means that the Shih Tzu may have difficulty staying alone and it is important to teach him that it is okay to be alone sometimes. Through slow training and patience, a Shih Tzu can learn to stay alone without feeling too much stress. The Shih Tzu does not typically exhibit strong hunting or prey-catching behavior, but it can be curious and adventurous. That's why it's important to keep him on a leash when you're in an area with a lot of traffic or distractions. In terms of alertness, the Shih Tzu is quite alert to his surroundings. He will often bark to alert you to someone at the door or an unfamiliar noise. This makes him a good guard dog, but it is important to be careful that the barking does not become excessive. Finally, it is important to mention that the Shih Tzu can have a certain stubbornness in its character. This can make training a little more challenging, but with patience, consistency, and positive reinforcement, the Shih Tzu can be a well-behaved companion.
| Trainability Willing to learn with clear rules and regular training. | Balanced |
| Watchfulness Occasionally alerts but is fundamentally open. | Low |
| Openness to Strangers Loves every new person immediately and without reserve. | Very open |
| Hunting or Herding Drive Barely any prey drive — small animals trigger nothing. | Very low |
Fun Fact!
Did you know that the name "Shih Tzu" comes from Chinese and means "lion dog" means? These adorable dogs were bred to resemble the mythological Chinese lions and were once the preferred companion dogs of the Chinese royal family!
What Awaits You
Shih Tzus are small, lively and friendly dogs. Unfortunately, the noses of this type of dog are also being bred to be shorter and shorter, so that they are increasingly appearing on lists of breeds affected by breeding traits.
Housing & Care
Shih Tzus are well suited as city dogs due to their small size and adaptable temperament. They get along just as well in apartments as in houses with a garden. Shih Tzus are generally child-friendly, but it is important that interactions be supervised, especially with very young children. They also get along well with cats and other pets as long as they are properly socialized.
| Family Friendly Lives for its family — the born family companion. | Ideal family dog |
| Child Friendly Extraordinarily patient and loving — a true family dog. | Excellent with children |
| Dog Friendly Actively enjoys the company of other dogs. | Dog-friendly |
| City Friendly Small space, noise, lots of people — no problem at all. | Ideal city dog |
Owning a dog is not only a privilege, but also a responsibility. If you want to bring a dog into your life, you must be aware of the commitment that dog ownership entails!!
Training & Education
Shih Tzus are intelligent and eager to learn, but sometimes they can be a bit stubborn. It's important to start training early and stay consistent. Positive reinforcement works particularly well with this breed. Shih Tzus enjoy mental stimulation and may benefit from agility training or tricks. It is important to note that this breed can be sensitive to overstimulation, so it is advisable to keep training sessions short and ensure a balance of activity and relaxation. Shih Tzus don't tend to be "ball junkies." but it's always good to bring diversity into your activities. Frustration tolerance and impulse control are important skills that should be encouraged through training in this breed.
Nutrition & Care
A balanced diet is crucial for your Shih Tzu's health and well-being. Choose high-quality food that is tailored to the needs of small breeds. Be careful not to let your Shih Tzu become overweight, as this can put additional stress on his joints. In terms of grooming, the Shih Tzu has a long, dense coat with no undercoat. The coat requires regular care to prevent matting. It is advisable to brush the Shih Tzu daily. The climate in Germany is generally well tolerated by Shih Tzus, but they should be kept warm in extremely cold weather.
| Care Level Daily care is non-negotiable — neglect affects health. | Very high-maintenance |
| Exercise Needs Enjoys daily movement but isn't a sports dog. | Moderate |
| Shedding No or minimal hair loss — suitable for allergy sufferers. | No shedding |
| Trainability Willing to learn with clear rules and regular training. | Balanced |
This information is currently being reviewed by experts. If you discover an error, please send an email to info@honestdog.de!!
Health
Elevated risks
Health grade
The Shih Tzu is rated D because, in addition to the breed-typical breathing difficulties (BOAS), the breed also has an increased risk of patellar luxation and various heart conditions. Patellar instability and heart disease are significant health concerns that must be carefully investigated when purchasing a puppy. Without consistent selective breeding regarding the airways and joints, there is a risk of chronic health issues.
Grade is relative to other breeds — AI-generated by our veterinary-genetics model.
In daily life this can mean
You should strictly limit heat and exertion, ensure exercise is gentle on the joints, and plan for regular eye and veterinary check-ups.
The breeder's role
Responsible breeders have the parents' knees, eyes, and kidneys tested and prioritize clear airways—though the fundamental risks of this breed cannot be completely eliminated even then.
No Health Tests Available
No specific health tests are currently available for this breed.
Community Posts
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Frequently asked questions about the Shih Tzu
Is a Shih Tzu the right dog for me?
The Shih Tzu is an adaptable dog that adjusts well to various lifestyles. Research the temperament, grooming needs, and space requirements before deciding.
How long does a Shih Tzu live?
The average life expectancy of a Shih Tzu is 10-16 years. With proper care and regular vet visits, your dog can live a long, healthy life.
How much grooming does a Shih Tzu need?
Shih Tzu grooming requirements include regular brushing, nail trimming, and dental care. HonestDog provides detailed grooming tips for every breed.
Is a Shih Tzu good for families with children?
The Shih Tzu can be a great family dog. Proper training and socialization are key. HonestDog provides family suitability information for every breed.
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