Discover Everything About Old German Shepherd Dog
Learn about the breed characteristics, health, history, and find trusted breeders
At a glance
Old German Shepherd Dog overview
The essentials — key facts, traits, and health priorities — before you dive deeper.
Health grade
Relative to other breeds
The Altdeutscher Schäferhund has an average health profile, with the most significant risks being well-managed through mandatory health tests. Hip dysplasia (HD) and elbow dysplasia (ED) are the known weak points in the musculoskeletal system of this large breed. Prospective buyers should consistently check the X-ray results of the parent dogs to best avoid potential joint issues later on.
Lifespan
10–14 yrs
Height
55–65 cm
Weight
22–40 kg
Practical
- Puppy price: 1,000 – 2,500 €
- Coat: Stock-haired with a dense undercoat, medium length
- Origin: Germany
Typical coat colors
- Diverse
- including black
- gray
- various shades of brown
Temperament
Daily life
What matters most
Especially with a Old German Shepherd Dog, choosing the right breeder is the single most important decision you'll make. Serious breeders consistently test the parents for inherited conditions, prioritize healthy early socialization, and stay accountable long after handover. A cheap puppy without health screening tends to become the most expensive dog later on.
See HonestDog breeder standards →Is the Old German Shepherd Dog right for you?
The Altdeutscher Schäferhund is a steady-nerved, loyal companion—at its core, a territorial Hütehund (herding dog) bred for close cooperation, endurance, and protecting its flock.
Perfect for you if:
- You have time every day for intensive activity through dog sports or tracking work—simple walks are not enough for this working dog.
- You lead with confidence and fairness, so he leaves the responsibility to you and doesn't decide for himself who enters the property.
- You offer a home with a garden in the countryside or on the outskirts of town, where his watchful nature doesn't cause constant stress.
- You are looking for a closely bonded companion who will stick with you through thick and thin as a true team.
Less ideal if:
- You live in a busy, thin-walled apartment—he will alert you to unfamiliar noises and movements, as that is his genetic duty.
- You expect him to greet every stranger joyfully at the dog park—he is naturally reserved toward people he doesn't know.
- You are a beginner dog owner and underestimate the strength and protective instinct of a large dog that, in case of doubt, will take charge.
- You don't have much time for the first two years of intensive training and consistent socialization.
The real vibes check
An Altdeutscher Schäferhund is like a loyal bodyguard in wolf's clothing: he won't leave your side, but he is constantly scanning the surroundings for threats. If you don't take this task off his hands through confident leadership, he will take the job on himself—and in case of doubt, he will decide against the mail carrier. You aren't getting a simple follower, but a highly intelligent colleague who needs a clear framework.
Breed Profile
The Old German Shepherd Dog is a variant of the German Shepherd Dog and has its origins in Germany. It falls under FCI Group 1, Section 1, making it a herding dog. Unlike its modern relative, the German Shepherd, the Old German Shepherd has a straight back and its fur is often longer and thicker. His strong stature and powerful head, together with his attentive expression, give him an imposing appearance.
| Height | 55 - 60 cm (Female), 60 - 65 cm (Male) |
| Weight | 22 - 32 kg (Female), 30 - 40 kg (Male) |
| Life Expectancy | 10 - 14 years |
| Character | Loyal, intelligent, eager to work |
| Coat | Stock-haired with a dense undercoat, medium length |
| Coat Color | Diverse, including black, gray and various shades of brown |
| Price | 1000 - 2500 € |
History
The Old German Shepherd Dog's roots lie in Germany in the 19th century, when dogs from different areas were crossed to breed the perfect herding dog. The aim was to create a robust, willing to work and intelligent dog that could be used both as a sheep herding dog and as a working dog for various tasks. The German Shepherd Dog as we know it today was developed through targeted breeding at the end of the 19th century and was first recognized as a separate breed in 1899. In this breeding, particular emphasis was placed on an attractive appearance. However, the Old German Shepherd represents the original form of the German Shepherd before specific breeding for show characteristics began. He is therefore also called the "original type" of the German Shepherd.
The Old German Shepherd Dog was bred to be a versatile working dog for herding and protection tasks.
Germany
1900
Character & Temperament
The Old German Shepherd Dog is known for its strong work ethic, intelligence and loyalty to its caregiver. As a herding dog, he has an innate protective instinct and tends to defend his family and home. At the same time, he is also an extremely people-oriented dog who seeks close contact with his people and enjoys being part of their daily activities. The Old German Shepherd Dog is an active dog with a lot of energy. He needs both physical and mental challenges to be happy and balanced. An activity that corresponds to his natural instincts, such as herding, searching or tracking work, can be very helpful. However, the Old German Shepherd is also a very adaptable dog that can integrate well into different lifestyles as long as its needs are met. This German Shepherd is an intelligent and trainable animal. He learns quickly and is able to solve complex tasks. This makes him an excellent companion dog for a wide range of tasks, from search and rescue to therapy work to various dog sports. With his intelligence comes a certain independence. The Old German Shepherd Dog is able to work independently and make decisions. However, this can also mean that he has a strong will of his own and is not always easy to handle. A consistent but loving education is therefore essential. Even though the Old German Shepherd Dog is a working dog, it is also a family dog. He is generally good with children and other pets as long as he has been properly socialized. However, he also needs his rest periods and should not be constantly "on his toes". be held. Despite his hard work and energy, the Old German Shepherd can also learn to stay alone, as long as this is not the case too often or for long periods of time. He is very oriented towards his caregiver and would like to always be by their side. However, if he gets used to it from an early age, he can spend a few hours a day alone. Like many herding dogs, the Old German Shepherd has a strong hunting instinct. However, this does not mean that he necessarily has a problem with small animals or cats. With proper socialization and training, he can learn to get along well with these animals too. In conclusion, the Old German Shepherd Dog is a vigilant and attentive dog. He is always alert to his surroundings and ready to protect his family. This makes him a good guard dog, but is not aggressive, but rather has a deterrent effect. His loyalty and protective instinct make him a loyal companion and friend who will always be by your side.
| Trainability Bred to work closely alongside humans. | Highly trainable |
| Watchfulness Strong territorial instinct — may actively confront intruders. | Very high |
| Openness to Strangers Careful around unfamiliar people — thaws slowly. | Cautious |
| Hunting or Herding Drive Noticeable drive — needs attention around small animals. | Moderate |
Fun Fact!
Did you know that the Old German Shepherd and the modern German Shepherd have the same roots? The main difference lies in the shape of the back: while the modern German Shepherd has a sloping back, the Old German Shepherd has a straight back!
What Awaits You
German Shepherds are versatile dogs that need meaningful activity. They are alert and territorial. They are considered good family dogs, but only with the appropriate training and activity. In addition to the stockhair coat variant, there is also the longstockhair coat variant, also known as the Old German Shepherd Dog.
Housing & Care
The Old German Shepherd Dog is an active and intelligent dog that wants to be exercised both physically and mentally. Therefore, he needs sufficient exercise and activity. Due to its size and activity, it is less suited to living in a small city apartment without a garden. A house with a garden or a rural setting are ideal for this breed. This breed is very people-oriented and family-oriented, which generally makes them good family dogs. You can deal well with children, provided of course that the interaction is respectful and the children have been given appropriate instructions. Early socialization is important so that the dog gets along well with other animals, such as cats or small animals.
| Family Friendly Loves family life and thrives in a group. | Family-oriented |
| Child Friendly Gets on well with children — with adult supervision. | With supervision |
| Dog Friendly Usually gets on fine with other dogs. | Generally tolerant |
| City Friendly Can manage in the city, but only with very active owners. | Difficult in cities |
Owning a dog is not only a privilege, but also a responsibility. If you want to bring a dog into your life, you must be aware of the commitment that dog ownership entails!!
Training & Education
Old German Shepherd Dogs are known for their high learning ability and their desire to please their people. This makes them excellent candidates for various dog sports and activities, such as agility, obedience, rescue dog work or tracking work. When training it, it is important to rely on positive reinforcement and to give the dog clear structures and rules. They are very sensitive and do not respond well to harsh or unfair treatment. It is important to note that this breed enjoys a lot of activity and exercise. They need a lot of mental and physical stimulation, but there is also a risk of them becoming "ball junkies." become. It is therefore important to vary the activities and allow the dog to relax. Old German Shepherd Dogs have a strong protective instinct, which can become problematic if they are not socialized or trained correctly. It is therefore important to start socialization early and show the dog that not every situation or stranger is a threat.
Nutrition & Care
The Old German Shepherd Dog has a thick coat of hair with an undercoat that protects it from the elements. That's why it can adapt very well to different climatic conditions in Germany. However, this also means that he sheds more during the shedding season in spring and autumn and then requires more intensive fur care. Regular brushing can help keep the coat healthy and beautiful and also helps reduce hair in the home. When it comes to diet, Old German Shepherds are not picky eaters. They can be well supplied with both high-quality dry and wet food. Some owners also choose raw feeding (also called BARF), but this requires a thorough understanding of a dog's nutritional needs to avoid nutritional deficiencies. Regardless of the type of feeding you choose, it is important to ensure a balanced diet that contains all the necessary nutrients, vitamins and minerals.
| Care Level Regular brushing and occasional professional grooming. | Moderate |
| Exercise Needs Needs several hours of serious exercise every day. | Very active |
| Shedding Regular shedding — dog hair on clothes is now normal. | Moderate |
| Trainability Bred to work closely alongside humans. | Highly trainable |
This information is currently being reviewed by experts. If you discover an error, please send an email to info@honestdog.de!!
Health
Solid
Health grade
The Altdeutscher Schäferhund has an average health profile, with the most significant risks being well-managed through mandatory health tests. Hip dysplasia (HD) and elbow dysplasia (ED) are the known weak points in the musculoskeletal system of this large breed. Prospective buyers should consistently check the X-ray results of the parent dogs to best avoid potential joint issues later on.
Grade is relative to other breeds — AI-generated by our veterinary-genetics model.
In daily life this can mean
Without conscious management of body weight and joint-friendly rearing—for example, through regular check-ups—health problems and veterinary costs can increase significantly later on.
The breeder's role
Reputable breeders have hips, elbows, and the back checked and use appropriate DNA tests to reduce neurological diseases and known risks as much as possible, keeping the dogs resilient for a long time.
No Health Tests Available
No specific health tests are currently available for this breed.
Experiences with the Old German Shepherd Dog
Jule S., Halterin aus Sachsen (Hündin, 8 Monate alt)
Nachdem mein geliebter Australian Shepherd verstorben war, habe ich mich für eine altdeutsche Schäferhündin entschieden. Mittlerweile ist sie acht Monate alt und ich bin absolut begeistert von ihr. Sie ist unglaublich schlau, loyal und vom Wesen her sehr stabil. Im Vergleich zu meinen früheren Aussies merke ich jedoch, dass sie – wie es für die langhaarige Variante oft typisch ist – im Kern etwas sensibler und weicher ist.
Sie lernt extrem schnell und möchte mir immer gefallen. Unterwegs werde ich ständig auf sie angesprochen, vor allem wegen ihres geraden Rückens. Man muss sich aber bewusst sein, dass diese Sensibilität auch eine sehr feinfühlige, konsequente Führung erfordert. Sie reagiert stark auf meine Stimmung, was die Erziehung wunderschön, aber eben auch anspruchsvoll macht.
Anuschka B., Halterin aus Brandenburg (Rüde, seit 2021)
Ich wollte einen treuen, familienfreundlichen Begleiter, der nicht ganz so extrem triebstark ist wie die typischen kurzhaarigen Schäferhunde aus manchen Leistungszuchten. Mein Rüde ist unglaublich menschenbezogen und versteht sich prächtig mit den Kindern. Er liebt es, einfach überall dabei zu sein und passt sich gut an unseren Alltag an.
Allerdings darf man den Pflegeaufwand nicht unterschätzen. Das lange, dichte Fell mit der üppigen Unterwolle muss mindestens ein- bis zweimal pro Woche gründlich gebürstet werden, sonst verfilzt es sofort. Zudem bringt er nach jedem Spaziergang im Wald gefühlt den halben Dreck mit nach Hause. Auch sein angeborener Schutztrieb ist nicht ohne – er passt sehr gut auf unser Grundstück auf, weshalb wir von Anfang an klare Grenzen setzen mussten, damit er nicht selbst entscheidet, wer uns besuchen darf.
Thomas K., Halter aus Hessen (Rüde, seit 2019)
Man muss sich im Klaren darüber sein, dass der 'Altdeutsche' im Grunde ein langhaariger Deutscher Schäferhund ist. Mein Rüde ist ein echtes Arbeitstier: Er ist extrem intelligent und braucht unbedingt eine sinnvolle Aufgabe wie Fährtensuche oder Apportieren. Ohne diese geistige Auslastung neigt er schnell dazu, sich im Alltag selbst Beschäftigungen zu suchen, was dann zu unerwünschtem Verhalten führen kann.
Ein riesiges Thema bei dieser Rasse ist leider die Gesundheit, insbesondere Hüftdysplasie (HD) und Gelenkprobleme. Wir haben beim Welpenkauf extrem darauf geachtet, dass die Elterntiere nachweislich untersucht und gesund waren. Trotzdem achten wir im Alltag penibel darauf, dass er im Wachstum keine Treppen steigt und sein Gewicht optimal bleibt. Wer einen unkomplizierten 'Nebenher-Hund' sucht, ist hier falsch – man bekommt aber einen unfassbar treuen Partner, wenn man bereit ist, die nötige Zeit und Fürsorge zu investieren.
sinngemäß aus echten Halterberichten
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Frequently asked questions about the Old German Shepherd Dog
Is a Old German Shepherd Dog the right dog for me?
The Old German Shepherd Dog is an active dog that needs plenty of exercise and mental stimulation. Research the temperament, grooming needs, and space requirements before deciding.
How long does a Old German Shepherd Dog live?
The average life expectancy of a Old German Shepherd Dog is 10-14 years. With proper care and regular vet visits, your dog can live a long, healthy life.
How much grooming does a Old German Shepherd Dog need?
Old German Shepherd Dog grooming requirements include regular brushing, nail trimming, and dental care. HonestDog provides detailed grooming tips for every breed.
Is a Old German Shepherd Dog good for families with children?
The Old German Shepherd Dog can be a great family dog. Proper training and socialization are key. HonestDog provides family suitability information for every breed.
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