Neonatal isoerythrolysis(NI)
Neonatale Isoerythrolyse · Hemolytic disease of the newborn · Welpen-Isoerythrolyse · Alloimmune hemolytic anemia of the newborn · Alloimmune haemolytic anaemia of the newborn
What it is
This is an immune system disorder affecting newborn puppies where the mother's first milk, called colostrum, contains antibodies that attack and destroy the puppy's own red blood cells. This destruction of red blood cells, known as hemolysis, occurs because of incompatible blood types between the mother and her offspring. It rapidly deprives the puppy's body of oxygen and damages the circulatory system.
How it presents
Puppies typically appear healthy at birth but develop severe weakness, pale or yellow gums (jaundice), and dark-colored urine within a few hours to days of first nursing.
Treatment
This is a treatable emergency requiring immediate separation from the mother's milk, alternative feeding, and potentially blood transfusions. It is a one-time crisis intervention rather than a lifelong condition, with treatment costs typically ranging from 500 to 3000 EUR.
How it's tested
Affected breeds
Treatment cost
Estimated range of typical treatment cost. Actual cost depends on severity, clinic and region.