

The St. Bernard is a good-natured, stoic, and massive mountain dog—bred to locate travelers in deep snow and act as an imposing guardian. They are 80 kilos of resting power that require plenty of space and even more understanding for their slow pace.
How the health grade is calculated
Sources for required breeding screenings. St. Bernhards-Klub e.V.
Self-check
Answer 6 quick questions about your everyday life and see how well the Saint Bernard fits you — including an honest cost estimate per month, per year, and across the dog's lifetime.
At a glance
The essentials — key facts, traits, and health priorities — before you dive deeper.
Lifespan
8–10 yrs
Shoulder height
65–90 cm
Weight
55–100 kg
Practical
Temperament
Daily life
What matters most
Especially with a Saint Bernard, choosing the right breeder is the single most important decision you'll make. Serious breeders consistently test the parents for inherited conditions, prioritize healthy early socialization, and stay accountable long after handover. A cheap puppy without health screening tends to become the most expensive dog later on.
See HonestDog breeder standards →Colors & coat
The coat colors that occur in the Saint Bernard — including which ones fall outside the breed standard and which carry genetic risk.
Eye colors
Coat type
The real vibes check
A St. Bernard is like a good-natured boulder in your living room—you won't move them an inch with pressure or harshness, only with calm consistency. You aren't getting a snappy command-follower, but a stoic, loving guardian. If you embrace their slowness as a strength, you will have the most loyal shadow of your life.
The St. Bernard is an impressive sight. He is one of the largest dog breeds and his physical size is only surpassed by his generosity and loving character. He belongs to FCI Group 2, the Molossians. His strong, massive physique is typical of this group. His head is expressive with a broad forehead, deep wrinkles and dark, gentle eyes. His ears are medium-sized and hang close to his head. Despite his size, he moves with a certain grace and suppleness.
Saint Bernards are incredibly people-oriented dogs. They are known for their kindness, even-tempered character and devotion to their family. They are very patient and gentle, making them excellent dogs for families with children. At the same time, they are also very attentive and vigilant, which makes them excellent watchdogs. However, they are not aggressive and only intervene when they see their family in danger. Their original role as rescue dogs has led them to have a strong instinct to help and protect people. This also means that they can sometimes have difficulty staying alone. They prefer to always be close to their humans and are happiest when they are included in their daily activities. Although Saint Bernards are not overly active, they do enjoy regular physical activity. They love being outside and can be very playful. They need daily walks and playtime to stay healthy and happy. However, their activity should be moderate so as not to put strain on their joints. Another important aspect of their character is her intelligence. They are very smart dogs and learn quickly. This also makes them good working dogs that can perform various tasks. Despite their intelligence, they can sometimes be stubborn. They need consistent but loving guidance to reach their full potential. As far as the hunting instinct is concerned, it is not particularly strong in St. Bernards. They were originally bred as rescue dogs rather than hunting dogs. However, they can react to smaller animals if they are not used to them from an early age. It is therefore important to teach them how to behave around other animals.
| Watchfulness Occasionally alerts but is fundamentally open. | Low |
| Openness to Strangers Neither pushily friendly nor suspicious. | Neutral |
| Hunting or Herding Drive Barely any prey drive — small animals trigger nothing. | Very low |
Fun Fact!
Saint Bernards are named after Saint Bernard of Menthon, the patron saint of travelers to the Alps. The dogs were bred at a hospice in the Swiss Alps to rescue travelers trapped in snowstorms.
Saint Bernards are large and calm dogs. They can be alert and territorially motivated. Unfortunately, this breed is also affected by many extreme breeding traits. In addition to problems with the musculoskeletal system, epilepsy and cancer are common.
Although Saint Bernards are a large breed, they are certainly suitable as city dogs as long as they get enough exercise and mental stimulation. They are extremely child-friendly and are known to be patient and gentle with children of all ages. Their gentle and calm nature also makes them get along with other pets, including cats, as long as they are properly socialized.
Lives for its family — the born family companion.
Extraordinarily patient and loving — a true family dog.
Actively enjoys the company of other dogs.
City-appropriate with enough exercise and stimulation.
Owning a dog is a privilege, but it's also a real responsibility. Before you bring one into your life, be honest with yourself about the commitment it takes.
Saint Bernards are intelligent and quick learners, making them good candidates for a variety of activities and dog sports, from rescue services to agility and obedience training. It is important to start education and training early as their large growth quickly makes them physically strong. Positive reinforcement and consistent training are critical to success. Although St. Bernards are not one of the breeds that tend to be ball-dependent, it is always important to maintain a balance between play and rest periods. This breed also benefits greatly from training sessions that include impulse control and frustration tolerance.
As a large breed, the St. Bernard needs a balanced diet high in protein and enough calories to maintain its energy. Due to their susceptibility to gastric torsion, it is important to avoid large meals and instead give them smaller meals throughout the day. It is also advisable to avoid physical activity immediately before or after meals. Grooming a Saint Bernard is relatively easy as their coat is short to medium long and dense, with a thick undercoat. It sheds all year round and especially during the shedding periods in spring and autumn. Regular brushing helps remove loose hair and keeps the coat healthy and shiny. Saint Bernards are adapted to the cold climate of the Swiss Alps and also cope well with the German climate.
| Care Level Regular brushing and occasional professional grooming. | Moderate |
| Exercise Needs Needs 1–2 hours of real exercise daily. | Active |
| Shedding Hair everywhere, always — no white clothing survives. | Very heavy |
| Trainability Willing to learn with clear rules and regular training. | Balanced |
Our experts are still reviewing this information. Spotted something wrong? Email us at info@honestdog.de.
Elevated risks
Health grade
In the Saint Bernard, there are clear breed-specific risks for serious diseases such as hip dysplasia (HD), dilated cardiomyopathy, gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV), and epilepsy. The St. Bernhards-Klub e.V. prescribes a mandatory examination for hip dysplasia (HD) with the cut-off value HD A–C for breeding approval, whereby HD C may only be mated with A or B. Responsible breeders go significantly further and additionally have the parent animals tested for elbow dysplasia (ED) aiming for ED 0–1, as well as for dilated cardiomyopathy and cataracts. Have the official certificates for hip dysplasia (HD) and elbow dysplasia (ED) as well as veterinary findings on the heart and eyes presented to you without gaps before buying.
Grade is relative to other breeds — AI-assisted and editorially reviewed.
Methodology and data: HonestDog Dog Breed Health Report 2026
What matters most for this breed
Tap any item to see details.
During the first year, you must ensure slow growth, consistently protect their joints, and budget for higher veterinary costs for regular heart and eye check-ups.
Responsible breeders fulfill the mandatory HD screening required by the St. Bernhards-Klub e.V. and voluntarily test for elbow dysplasia (ED), dilated cardiomyopathy, and cataracts to consistently minimize severe hereditary conditions.
Note: This health overview is AI-assisted and editorially reviewed. It is for orientation only and does not replace veterinary advice.
What matters most for this breed — what's common, how much it affects the dog's life, and how to protect yourself as a buyer.
Tap a body region to see the inherited conditions linked to it.
The three most important risks
Pick a region on the map to explore other areas.
Tier 1 reflects the tests St. Bernhards-Klub e.V. actually mandates. Tiers 2 and 3 show how responsible breeders go beyond.
Club standard. St. Bernhards-Klub e.V. requires these tests for breeding approval. Ask any reputable breeder for the results.
Not health tests, but required for breeding: the club asks for these results too. They don't count toward the risks or the rating.
DNA-Identitätsnachweis
Required by St. Bernhards-Klub e.V.
Acceptable result: ordnungsgemäße Kennzeichnung (Chipnummer)
Note: This health overview is AI-assisted and editorially reviewed. It is for orientation only and does not replace veterinary advice.
A Saint Bernard costs around ~€260 per month (€140 – €510, depending on your setup). The first year adds up to roughly ~€6,350 including purchase, equipment and puppy school; across the dog's life (9 years) it comes to about ~€31,350.
With surgery cover, running costs come to about ~€270 per month — in return, your share of a major operation drops from several thousand euros to around 20 percent.
Per month
~€260
In the first year
~€6,350
Across the dog's life
~€31,350
Estimated purchase price from a breeder: €1,800 – €3,000
Estimate at a mid-range setup (suburban, dry food, 1–2 hours of daily exercise), average German prices, as of July 2026.
HonestDog Concierge
We currently have no breeders for this breed who have passed our verification. Create your short buyer profile: we'll set up your search alert, review a possible source and email you within 28 days.

Illustrative image
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Illustrative image
Illustrative imageThe Saint Bernard, also known as the St. Bernard Dog, has its roots in Switzerland. It was bred in the Middle Ages by the monks of the hospice on the Great St. Bernard Pass to help travelers in bad weather. The dogs were supposed to find and rescue lost or buried travelers. The breed was officially recognized in the 19th century and has retained its popularity as both a working dog and a family dog ever since.
The St. Bernard was originally used as a guard dog and later as an avalanche dog in the hospice on the Great St. Bernard.
Switzerland
1600
At home and in family life, owners consistently describe the Saint Bernard as a very good-natured, affectionate and patient companion. With children in particular, many of these dogs show remarkable calm and gentleness. At the same time, owners point out that the breed has by no means lost its original protective drive and is very watchful on its own property. Strangers or unfamiliar situations are observed closely, and if they sense a threat to their surroundings, these otherwise easygoing giants can act very decisively and with a powerful voice.
A recurring and very practical topic in owner accounts is cleanliness. Because of their deep flews, almost all Saint Bernards drool heavily after drinking or eating, or when excited or warm. Owners agree that strings of slobber on walls, furniture and clothes are part of daily life and that a "drool towel" is a constant companion. Together with the heavy shedding all year round, living with the breed calls for a high tolerance for mess. In the view of experienced owners, anyone who puts a lot of value on a spotless home will be unhappy with this breed in the long run.
Sources:dogvers.deeinfachtierisch.dedogforum.dejosera.derudel.team
In training, owners keep stressing that the Saint Bernard is smart but by no means blindly obedient. Many owners report a typical mastiff-style leisureliness and a real stubborn streak: commands are often "thought over" first before being carried out. If the dog sees no point or isn't motivated, it may simply dig in its heels. With a body weight often over 60 to 80 kilograms, a colossus like this can't be physically forced, which is why pressure or harshness gets you nowhere and destroys trust.
For this reason, owner reports emphasize the need for early basic training that is completely consistent but loving. Flawless loose-leash walking and solid socialization have to be in place while the dog still has puppy and adolescent weight. If a full-grown Saint Bernard pulls on the leash out of control or jumps up on people to greet them, it is almost impossible to hold back physically. With patience, positive reinforcement and clear leadership, though, owners value it as a reliable, cooperative partner.
Health and life expectancy are by far the most painful topic in the accounts of long-time owners. Because of the breed's very large body mass, many Saint Bernards live only about 7 to 10 years on average, and quite a few owners report dogs that died at just five or six. Recurring concerns in forums revolve around problems with the musculoskeletal system, such as hip and elbow dysplasia and joint wear. Owners strongly advise strictly avoiding stairs and overexertion during growth and keeping a close eye on a lean weight.
Many owners also report that the breed is very sensitive to heat. In the summer months, these dogs mostly retreat completely to cool spots or tile floors, and walks have to be moved to the cool morning and evening hours. Last but not least, experienced owners point to the considerable financial side: because of the dogs' high weight, vet bills, medication doses, anesthesia and food make a noticeably bigger dent in the household budget than with average-sized breeds.
Sources:dogvers.dereddit.comdogforum.detierchenwelt.demit-tier.de
Paraphrased from real owner reports · translated from German
The Saint Bernard is an adaptable dog that adjusts well to various lifestyles. Research the temperament, grooming needs, and space requirements before deciding.
The average life expectancy of a Saint Bernard is 8-10 years. With proper care and regular vet visits, your dog can live a long, healthy life.
Saint Bernard grooming requirements include regular brushing, nail trimming, and dental care. HonestDog provides detailed grooming tips for every breed.
The Saint Bernard can be a great family dog. Proper training and socialization are key. HonestDog provides family suitability information for every breed.
The Saint Bernard comes in these colors: Red and white, Brindle, Fawn.
Showcase your kennel on HonestDog and reach families searching for a responsibly bred Saint Bernard.