

The Brussels Griffon is a vigilant, extremely people-oriented companion dog—bred from robust Belgian stable dogs used for rat hunting, which is why it still carries the heart of a terrier in the body of a toy dog today.
Self-check
Answer 6 quick questions about your everyday life and see how well the Brussels Griffon fits you — including an honest cost estimate per month, per year, and across the dog's lifetime.
At a glance
The essentials — key facts, traits, and health priorities — before you dive deeper.
Lifespan
12–15 yrs
Shoulder height
24–28 cm
Weight
3–5 kg
Practical
Temperament
Daily life
What matters most
Especially with a Brussels Griffon, choosing the right breeder is the single most important decision you'll make. Serious breeders consistently test the parents for inherited conditions, prioritize healthy early socialization, and stay accountable long after handover. A cheap puppy without health screening tends to become the most expensive dog later on.
See HonestDog breeder standards →Colors & coat
The coat colors that occur in the Brussels Griffon — including which ones fall outside the breed standard and which carry genetic risk.
Eye colors
Coat type
The real vibes check
A Brussels Griffon looks like a wise little forest spirit and acts like a miniature guard dog that would prefer to live in your jacket pocket twenty-four hours a day. You aren't getting an inconspicuous follower, but a huge, often uncompromising personality that will completely take over your life—and that is exactly what you need to want.
With their lively and intelligent expression, the Brussels Griffons are real eye-catchers. The compact, small dogs are characterized by their square silhouette and prominent facial features, such as their large, round eyes and their "doll face." They have a distinctive black and brown mask that further enhances their facial expressions. Their high-set ears can be either erect or semi-drooping, depending on how they have been cropped. They fall into FCI Group 9 of companion and toy dogs. The Brussels Griffon comes in two varieties: smooth-haired or rough-haired. Both have a neat, not too short, dense coat, although the rough-haired version also has a soft undercoat. The most common colors are black and red, sometimes black with red or light brown tan markings.
Despite their small size, Brussels Griffons are extremely fearless and confident dogs. They are known for their intelligence and their exceptional ability to communicate with humans. Despite their small size, they are lively and playful, they love spending time with their family and being the center of attention. Brussels Griffons tend to develop a particularly strong bond with one person in their household. They are extremely affectionate and enjoy being as close as possible to their favorite person - whether on their lap, on the pillow or next to you on the sofa. But despite their clinginess and need for human companionship, they can also learn to remain alone for short periods of time. Due to their origins as rat hunters, they may display a certain amount of prey drive. However, this instinct is no longer strong in most Brussels Griffons. They are generally more interested in playing and hanging out with you than scanning their surroundings for potential prey. One of the characteristic features of Brussels Griffons is their alertness. They are very attentive and won't let strangers into the house unnoticed. They may be small, but they are brave and will not hesitate to defend their family if they feel it is being threatened. Therefore they are also good guard dogs. The Brussels Griffons are an excellent choice for you if you are looking for a small, intelligent, affectionate and fearless companion. Their size and adaptability make them perfect for city life, but they equally enjoy living in the country where they can indulge their natural hunting instincts. They need regular mental and physical activity to be happy and balanced, but they are also content just spending time with you. All they really want is to be loved and considered part of the family.
| Watchfulness Occasionally alerts but is fundamentally open. | Low |
| Openness to Strangers Neither pushily friendly nor suspicious. | Neutral |
| Hunting or Herding Drive Barely any prey drive — small animals trigger nothing. | Very low |
Fun Fact!
Did you know that the Brussels Griffon was a dog breed particularly prized by Queen Mary of Great Britain? She had a large collection of paintings and photographs of her beloved Brussels Griffons!
The dogs are alert, tend to be reserved towards strangers and like to accompany their people everywhere. Brussels Griffons are often long-lived. It is important to practice patience and frustration tolerance with them right from the start and to keep them mentally occupied later.
Brussels Griffons make excellent city dogs. They cope well with living in an apartment, provided they get enough exercise and activity. They are friendly and social, both with people and other dogs, and they can get along well with children, provided the children are old enough to understand how to treat a dog with respect. They can also live well with cats and other pets as long as they are used to them from an early age.
Loves family life and thrives in a group.
Gets on well with children — with adult supervision.
Usually gets on fine with other dogs.
Small space, noise, lots of people — no problem at all.
Owning a dog is a privilege, but it's also a real responsibility. Before you bring one into your life, be honest with yourself about the commitment it takes.
Brussels Griffons are intelligent and eager to learn, which makes training easier. However, they can also be a bit stubborn, which is why a consistent and positive training method works best. They respond well to rewards and praise, and they enjoy mental challenges, making them suitable for agility and other dog sports. It is important for a Brussels Griffon to learn to develop frustration tolerance and impulse control. They are often very lively and curious, and if they do not learn to control their impulses, they can easily become overstimulated and restless. It can also be helpful to teach them to accept periods of rest to avoid becoming overly busy.
Brussels Griffons are small dogs with relatively low energy requirements. Their diet should be balanced and of high quality, with enough protein and fat to maintain their energy, as well as an appropriate amount of carbohydrates for healthy digestion. Because they can be prone to obesity, it is important to monitor their food intake and ensure they get enough exercise. When it comes to grooming, the effort depends heavily on the coat type. The rough-haired version requires regular brushing to avoid tangles, while the smooth-haired version requires less care. Both versions shed minimally, making them a good choice for allergy sufferers. It is important to note that Brussels Griffons do not have an undercoat, so they are less suited to extremely cold climates.
| Care Level Regular brushing and occasional professional grooming. | Moderate |
| Exercise Needs Needs 1–2 hours of real exercise daily. | Active |
| Shedding Regular shedding — dog hair on clothes is now normal. | Moderate |
| Trainability Willing to learn with clear rules and regular training. | Balanced |
Our experts are still reviewing this information. Spotted something wrong? Email us at info@honestdog.de.
Elevated risks
Health grade
Due to its build and genetic predispositions, the Brussels Griffon carries a significant health risk, particularly for the neurological condition Chiari-like malformation (CM) and syringomyelia (SM), as well as eye diseases such as cataract and progressive retinal atrophy (generic). Additionally, there is a risk of patellar luxation (PL), in which the kneecap painfully luxates. A responsible breeder minimizes these risks through targeted selection and has their breeding animals comprehensively tested before use. Therefore, before buying, demand the written results of the parent animals: for patellar luxation (PL), the result must strictly be Grade 0; for Chiari-like malformation (CM) and syringomyelia (SM), the limit value A is required; for cataracts, the dogs must be free; and for progressive retinal atrophy, generic, the status free or carrier is permissible, provided the other partner is proven to be free.
Grade is relative to other breeds — AI-assisted and editorially reviewed.
Methodology and data: HonestDog Dog Breed Health Report 2026
What matters most for this breed
Tap any item to see details.
You should strictly limit heat and exertion, check its eyes regularly, and honestly budget for a higher veterinary bill for potential treatments.
Responsible breeders have the parents' knees, eyes, and nervous system tested and pay attention to clear airways—but even then, the fundamental risks of this breed cannot be completely eliminated.
Note: This health overview is AI-assisted and editorially reviewed. It is for orientation only and does not replace veterinary advice.
What matters most for this breed — what's common, how much it affects the dog's life, and how to protect yourself as a buyer.
Tap a body region to see the inherited conditions linked to it.
The three most important risks
Pick a region on the map to explore other areas.
Tier 1 is the recommended health standard for this breed. Tiers 2 and 3 show how responsible breeders go beyond.
Recommended standard. These tests make up the recommended health standard for this breed — the baseline of any careful breeding program. Ask any reputable breeder for the results.
Note: This health overview is AI-assisted and editorially reviewed. It is for orientation only and does not replace veterinary advice.
A Brussels Griffon costs around ~€170 per month (€90 – €300, depending on your setup). The first year adds up to roughly ~€4,810 including purchase, equipment and puppy school; across the dog's life (13.5 years) it comes to about ~€29,600.
With surgery cover, running costs come to about ~€160 per month — in return, your share of a major operation drops from several thousand euros to around 20 percent.
Per month
~€170
In the first year
~€4,810
Across the dog's life
~€29,600
Estimated purchase price from a breeder: €1,500 – €2,500
Estimate at a mid-range setup (suburban, dry food, 1–2 hours of daily exercise), average German prices, as of July 2026.

Illustrative image
Illustrative image
Illustrative image
Illustrative imageThe Brussels Griffon is a Belgian breed that originated in the 1800s. Originally, these small dogs were used to hunt rats in stables and warehouses. With their size, they could easily penetrate into the smallest corners and holes to hunt their prey. Over time, they gained the attention and affection of coach drivers in Brussels, who kept them as companion dogs. Their popularity grew quickly and they were soon adopted as pets by the upper class. Their affection, intelligence and keen vigilance made them valuable members of the household. The Brussels Griffons received their official recognition as a breed in 1883 by the Belgian Royal Dog Club. Today they are known and loved in many countries, although they are not as widespread as other small dog breeds.
The Brussels Griffon was originally bred to hunt rats, but is now a popular companion dog with a lively nature.
Belgium
1800
Many owners describe the Brussels Griffon as a very devoted "shadow dog" that would rather not leave the side of its chosen favorite person for a single second. It constantly seeks physical contact and prefers to sit right on a lap or lie on the pillow next to its person's head. At the same time, it surprises many owners with a remarkably sturdy, playful temperament: despite its dainty build, it isn't just a lapdog and happily joins its people on long walks and outings.
Owners describe being left alone as the biggest everyday challenge. Because they are so strongly fixated on their family, many Griffons struggle with separation and respond to long absences with persistent whining or barking. Owners also repeatedly mention how alert they are: noises in the stairwell or strangers at the door are usually announced immediately and fearlessly.
Sources:unitedpetclub.comdogpackapp.comdogforum.deanimalia.biohundeseite.de
On training, experienced owners stress the mix of a remarkably quick mind and a healthy dose of terrier or pinscher willfulness. Brussels Griffons usually learn tricks and basic commands very quickly but now and then stubbornly do their own thing when they see no point in a task. They are known to be highly sensitive to moods and tone of voice; owners unanimously report that harshness or loud scolding makes them shut down completely.
In owners' experience, success comes almost exclusively from plenty of patience, humor and positive reinforcement. Another recurring training topic is keeping the barking in check, since the inborn watchdog instinct has to be consistently channeled. Most of these dogs show their hunting ambitions mainly by nimbly chasing mice or garden birds, and off-leash this is usually much easier to handle than in classic hunting breeds.
Sources:animalia.biohundeseite.demartinruetter.comzooroyal.detierwelt.ch
On health and care, owners often talk at length about the effects of brachycephaly (a shortened skull). Some dogs do breathe freely, but many owners report limitations on hot summer days, rapid panting during exertion and snoring at night. Owners therefore strongly advise moving activities to the cool morning hours in hot weather and walking the dog on a harness rather than a collar to protect the delicate windpipe.
Other frequently mentioned weak spots are the large, easily injured eyes, along with problems typical of small dogs such as patellar luxation and crowded teeth caused by the shortened jaw. As for the Brussels Griffon's wiry coat, owners point out that with regular care it hardly sheds, but it must be hand-stripped by a professional several times a year; by consistent experience, clipping destroys the breed's typical rough coat texture.
Sources:tierwelt.chmartinruetter.comdogforum.deedogs.degmx.ch
Paraphrased from real owner reports · translated from German
The Brussels Griffon is an adaptable dog that adjusts well to various lifestyles. Research the temperament, grooming needs, and space requirements before deciding.
The average life expectancy of a Brussels Griffon is 12-15 years. With proper care and regular vet visits, your dog can live a long, healthy life.
Brussels Griffon grooming requirements include regular brushing, nail trimming, and dental care. HonestDog provides detailed grooming tips for every breed.
The Brussels Griffon can be a great family dog. Proper training and socialization are key. HonestDog provides family suitability information for every breed.
The Brussels Griffon comes in these colors: Red, Black, Black and tan. Colors that fall outside the breed standard are marked as such on the breed page.
Showcase your kennel on HonestDog and reach families searching for a responsibly bred Brussels Griffon.