

The Shih Tzu is a charming, strong-willed companion dog—bred as an Asian temple dog whose sole job for centuries has been to warm palaces and provide company.
Self-check
Answer 6 quick questions about your everyday life and see how well the Shih Tzu fits you — including an honest cost estimate per month, per year, and across the dog's lifetime.
At a glance
The essentials — key facts, traits, and health priorities — before you dive deeper.
Lifespan
10–16 yrs
Shoulder height
25–27 cm
Weight
4–7 kg
Practical
Temperament
Daily life
What matters most
Especially with a Shih Tzu, choosing the right breeder is the single most important decision you'll make. Serious breeders consistently test the parents for inherited conditions, prioritize healthy early socialization, and stay accountable long after handover. A cheap puppy without health screening tends to become the most expensive dog later on.
See HonestDog breeder standards →Colors & coat
The coat colors that occur in the Shih Tzu — including which ones fall outside the breed standard and which carry genetic risk.
Eye colors
Coat type
The real vibes check
A Shih Tzu is not a dog you give orders to—they are a little emperor who grants you an audience. If you accept that this dog prefers to sit regally on a cushion rather than march through the woods in the rain, you will gain an incredibly loyal shadow. You trade the 'will-to-please' of a working dog for a deeply relaxed companion with real character.
The Shih Tzu is a small but proud dog with a luxurious, long coat and a distinctive flat muzzle. This breed belongs to FCI Group 9 of companion and toy dogs. Their body structure is compact and slightly longer than it is tall. Their ears are large and droop, often hidden beneath their long hair. A special feature of the Shih Tzu is its coat, which often grows so long that it touches the ground. Its tail is feathered and is happily carried over its back. The Shih Tzu is bred in a single line, so there is no distinction between show and performance lines.
The Shih Tzu is a true king among small dogs and is often described as loving, cheerful and somewhat stubborn. His royal heritage is reflected in his proud demeanor, but beneath that regal demeanor lies a warm heart and an unbridled affection for his family. As far as use goes, the Shih Tzu is primarily a companion dog. He is not there to till fields or herd livestock, but his main purpose is to provide companionship and joy. Accordingly, he loves being around people and is often referred to as a "shadow" because he likes to follow his owner everywhere. The Shih Tzu is a relatively calm dog, but that doesn't mean he isn't playful. In fact, Shih Tzus are often very playful and enjoy interacting with toys and family members. Their temperament is generally even-tempered, and although they can be alert to strange noises or people, they are not known to be aggressive or fearful dogs. Another aspect of the Shih Tzu's character is his attachment to his family. He bonds closely with his owners and can be very people-oriented. This means that the Shih Tzu may have difficulty staying alone and it is important to teach him that it is okay to be alone sometimes. Through slow training and patience, a Shih Tzu can learn to stay alone without feeling too much stress. The Shih Tzu does not typically exhibit strong hunting or prey-catching behavior, but it can be curious and adventurous. That's why it's important to keep him on a leash when you're in an area with a lot of traffic or distractions. In terms of alertness, the Shih Tzu is quite alert to his surroundings. He will often bark to alert you to someone at the door or an unfamiliar noise. This makes him a good guard dog, but it is important to be careful that the barking does not become excessive. Finally, it is important to mention that the Shih Tzu can have a certain stubbornness in its character. This can make training a little more challenging, but with patience, consistency, and positive reinforcement, the Shih Tzu can be a well-behaved companion.
| Watchfulness Occasionally alerts but is fundamentally open. | Low |
| Openness to Strangers Loves every new person immediately and without reserve. | Very open |
| Hunting or Herding Drive Barely any prey drive — small animals trigger nothing. | Very low |
Fun Fact!
Did you know that the name "Shih Tzu" comes from Chinese and means "lion dog"? These adorable dogs were bred to resemble the mythological Chinese lions and were once the preferred companion dogs of the Chinese royal family!
Shih Tzus are small, lively and friendly dogs. Unfortunately, the noses of this type of dog are also being bred to be shorter and shorter, so that they are increasingly appearing on lists of breeds affected by extreme breeding traits.
Shih Tzus are well suited as city dogs due to their small size and adaptable temperament. They get along just as well in apartments as in houses with a garden. Shih Tzus are generally child-friendly, but it is important that interactions be supervised, especially with very young children. They also get along well with cats and other pets as long as they are properly socialized.
Lives for its family — the born family companion.
Extraordinarily patient and loving — a true family dog.
Actively enjoys the company of other dogs.
Small space, noise, lots of people — no problem at all.
Owning a dog is a privilege, but it's also a real responsibility. Before you bring one into your life, be honest with yourself about the commitment it takes.
Shih Tzus are intelligent and eager to learn, but sometimes they can be a bit stubborn. It's important to start training early and stay consistent. Positive reinforcement works particularly well with this breed. Shih Tzus enjoy mental stimulation and may benefit from agility training or tricks. It is important to note that this breed can be sensitive to overstimulation, so it is advisable to keep training sessions short and ensure a balance of activity and relaxation. Shih Tzus don't tend to be "ball junkies," but it's always good to bring diversity into your activities. Frustration tolerance and impulse control are important skills that should be encouraged through training in this breed.
A balanced diet is crucial for your Shih Tzu's health and well-being. Choose high-quality food that is tailored to the needs of small breeds. Be careful not to let your Shih Tzu become overweight, as this can put additional stress on his joints. In terms of grooming, the Shih Tzu has a long, dense coat with no undercoat. The coat requires regular care to prevent matting. It is advisable to brush the Shih Tzu daily. The climate in Germany is generally well tolerated by Shih Tzus, but they should be kept warm in extremely cold weather.
| Care Level Daily care is non-negotiable — neglect affects health. | Very high-maintenance |
| Exercise Needs Enjoys daily movement but isn't a sports dog. | Moderate |
| Shedding No or minimal hair loss — suitable for allergy sufferers. | No shedding |
| Trainability Willing to learn with clear rules and regular training. | Balanced |
Our experts are still reviewing this information. Spotted something wrong? Email us at info@honestdog.de.
Elevated risks
Health grade
The Shih Tzu carries an increased risk of intervertebral disc disease (IVDD); due to its short muzzle, respiratory and ocular issues such as brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), cataracts, and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) also occur. In addition, severe diseases such as hydrocephalus (water on the brain), familial nephropathy (FN), or progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) can arise. A responsible breeder therefore specifically pays attention to clear airways and a stable spine, having the parent animals thoroughly examined before breeding. Ask to see the veterinary reports before buying and insist that the parent animals are free from cataracts, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), familial nephropathy (FN), and progressive retinal atrophy.
Grade is relative to other breeds — AI-assisted and editorially reviewed.
Methodology and data: HonestDog Dog Breed Health Report 2026
You should strictly limit heat and exertion, ensure exercise is gentle on the joints, and plan for regular eye and veterinary check-ups.
Responsible breeders have parent animals tested for Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS) and examined for cataract, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), and progressive retinal atrophy.
Note: This health overview is AI-assisted and editorially reviewed. It is for orientation only and does not replace veterinary advice.
What matters most for this breed — what's common, how much it affects the dog's life, and how to protect yourself as a buyer.
Tap a body region to see the inherited conditions linked to it.
The three most important risks
Pick a region on the map to explore other areas.
We sort tests into three tiers — from the core standard to a fully exemplary program.
Recommended standard. These tests make up the recommended health standard for this breed — the baseline of any careful breeding program. Ask any reputable breeder for the results.
No entries in this tier.
Note: This health overview is AI-assisted and editorially reviewed. It is for orientation only and does not replace veterinary advice.
A Shih Tzu costs around ~€200 per month (€100 – €360, depending on your setup). The first year adds up to roughly ~€4,200 including purchase, equipment and puppy school; across the dog's life (13 years) it comes to about ~€32,360.
With surgery cover, running costs come to about ~€190 per month — in return, your share of a major operation drops from several thousand euros to around 20 percent.
Per month
~€200
In the first year
~€4,200
Across the dog's life
~€32,360
Purchase price per HonestDog's market analysis (asking prices in Germany, as of October 2026): €750 – €1,300
Small sample: 9 unique listings in the rolling three-month window. Data for this breed · Methodology
Estimate at a mid-range setup (suburban, dry food, 1–2 hours of daily exercise), average German prices, as of July 2026.

Illustrative image
Illustrative image
Illustrative image
Illustrative imageThe Shih Tzu's roots lie in ancient China, where it was valued as a palace dog. The Shih Tzu is believed to have originated from crossing the Pekingese with the Lhasa Apso and was known as the "lion dog" because it was bred to resemble the mythological Chinese lion. In Imperial China, Shih Tzus were popular pets of the royal family and could only be kept by the royal family. It is said that Dowager Empress Cixi was particularly fond of these dogs. After her death in 1908, breeding in China became less strict, and Shih Tzus began to become known outside the country. The breed was introduced to England in the 1930s and recognized as a separate breed by the FCI in 1954.
The Shih Tzu was bred as a companion dog for Chinese nobility, valued for its friendly nature and luxurious coat.
China
Antike
In everyday family life, many owners describe the Shih Tzu as a very affectionate, gentle and easygoing companion. In the community, owners keep pointing out that the breed has hardly any hunting or herding drive, which usually makes walks in fields and woods very relaxed. Shih Tzus are considered good with children and cuddly, and they adapt well to the household's rhythm. They like to spend quiet hours on the couch and often barely leave their people's side.
At the same time, experienced owners point out that this strong bond has a downside. Time alone has to be built up gently and in a structured way from puppyhood, because some Shih Tzus tend toward separation stress, whining or controlling behavior when left. Watchfulness at home is also often mentioned: some dogs announce visitors or unfamiliar noises in the hallway quite loudly, which can turn into unnecessary barking without clear rules.
On training, many owner reports agree on one point: the Shih Tzu is intelligent and learns quickly, but it questions commands with a famously charming stubbornness. Many owners note with a smile that the dog often understands exactly what's being asked but first weighs whether obeying is worth it right now. Pressure or harshness gets you little with this sensitive breed; it is more likely to dig in or withdraw. Among owners, consistent, playful handling and high-value treats are considered the key to success.
Housetraining is another recurring topic in puppyhood. Several owners report in forums that Shih Tzu puppies often take somewhat longer than other breeds to become reliably housetrained, and that this calls for extra patience and a strict routine. Experienced owners also warn against spoiling the dog because of its handy size and cute looks. Without boundaries, the little dog can quickly start guarding resources like food or spots on the couch, or acting willful.
Coat and body care is by far the most heavily discussed topic in Shih Tzu forums. The silky coat barely sheds around the house, but it mats very quickly, especially on the legs, behind the ears and on the belly. That's why most owners opt for a practical short cut ("puppy cut") that gets trimmed regularly. If you keep the coat longer, plan on thorough daily combing, and make sure the hair around the eyes is trimmed back or tied up in a topknot to prevent irritation.
On health, owners regularly talk about the breed's vulnerable eyes, which react to dust, drafts or hair poking into them and tend to water. Because of the short muzzle, many owners also describe a marked sensitivity to heat in summer. In high temperatures, many of these dogs avoid longer walks, start panting quickly and need cool places to rest. Beyond these breed-typical points, though, many long-time owners also stress the breed's welcome toughness and vitality; with healthy breeding, it fairly often lives well beyond 12 to 15 years.
Sources:kiezdogs.comdogorama.appforum.hundund.demandaringardens.eufressnapf.de
Paraphrased from real owner reports · translated from German
The Shih Tzu is an adaptable dog that adjusts well to various lifestyles. Research the temperament, grooming needs, and space requirements before deciding.
The average life expectancy of a Shih Tzu is 10-16 years. With proper care and regular vet visits, your dog can live a long, healthy life.
Shih Tzu grooming requirements include regular brushing, nail trimming, and dental care. HonestDog provides detailed grooming tips for every breed.
The Shih Tzu can be a great family dog. Proper training and socialization are key. HonestDog provides family suitability information for every breed.
The Shih Tzu comes in these colors: Black, White, Gold, Red, Silver, Liver, Blue, Brindle, Sable, Bicolor, Tricolor, Merle. Colors that fall outside the breed standard are marked as such on the breed page.
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