Standard Poodles are considered robust dogs at heart, but they show a clear health pattern: the joints, the eyes and the risk of life-threatening gastric torsion (bloat) often remain issues for life. That makes deliberate breeding selection all the more important. The Deutscher Pudel-Klub e.V. (Germany's Poodle club) therefore requires exams for HD, patellar luxation, cataracts and prcd-PRA, and you should use them as your guide when buying a puppy.
For hereditary diseases such as progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd-PRA), neonatal encephalopathy with seizures (NEWS) and degenerative myelopathy (DM), there are established DNA tests. A DNA test reliably shows whether a parent dog is clear, a carrier or affected. A reputable breeder pairs carriers only with genetically clear partners. No puppy can then inherit any of these mutations from both parents.
It's different with the joints and other eye diseases: hip dysplasia (HD), elbow dysplasia (ED) and patellar luxation can't be picked up by a DNA test; they require official X-rays or clinical exams of the parent dogs. These checks significantly lower the risk for the puppies – as does joint-friendly rearing later on, without early stair-climbing or overexertion. Cataracts are also monitored through regular specialist eye exams. The Standard Poodle also has other breed-typical health issues: these include eyelid malpositions (ectropion / entropion), other forms of progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and sebaceous adenitis – an inflammatory skin disease that destroys the sebaceous glands and leads to hair loss. Talk openly with the breeder about these issues. Because of its deep chest, the Standard Poodle is also prone to gastric torsion: later on, it's best to feed several smaller meals a day and stick to consistent rest periods after eating.