Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) - "dry eye"(KCS)
Also known as: Dry Eye Syndrome · Trockenes Auge · Keratokonjunktivitis sicca · Keratoconjunctivitis sicca · Canine dry eye · …
Overview
What it is
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), commonly known as dry eye, is a chronic disease of the ocular system where the tear glands fail to produce enough natural tears. Without this protective moisture, the cornea (the clear surface of the eye) and surrounding tissues become dry, inflamed, and highly susceptible to painful damage.
How it presents
Owners typically notice red, irritated eyes, frequent blinking, and a thick, sticky mucus discharge. The condition most commonly develops gradually in middle-aged to older dogs and usually affects both eyes.
Treatment
KCS is an incurable condition that requires lifelong daily management with lubricating eye drops and specialized medications. The lifetime cost for veterinary care and ongoing prescriptions typically ranges from 2,000 to 6,000 EUR.
How it's tested
ECVO Augenuntersuchung (DOK)(ECVO-DOK)
Primary testEye examAugenuntersuchung durch ECVO-zertifizierten Augentierarzt (Dortmunder Kreis). Erkennt PRA, Katarakt, Entropium, CEA, MPP, RD u.a.
Issuing body: ECVO
Result scheme: Eye-ECVO
Affected breeds
23 of 23 breeds
PugRecommended standard
PuggleRecommended standard
West Highland White TerrierRecommended standard
BloodhoundAlso recommended
Boston TerrierAlso recommended
Bull TerrierAlso recommended
ChihuahuaAlso recommended
ChiweenieAlso recommended
English SetterAlso recommended
FrenchtonAlso recommended
Kerry Blue TerrierAlso recommended
Lhasa ApsoAlso recommended
Miniature SchnauzerAlso recommended
MorkieAlso recommended
PekingeseAlso recommended
Sealyham TerrierAlso recommended
Shih TzuAlso recommended
ShihpooAlso recommended
ShorkieAlso recommended
Yorkshire TerrierAlso recommended
DachshundOptional
Miniature PoodleOptional
Welsh TerrierOptional
Treatment cost
Estimated range of typical treatment costs. Actual costs depend on severity, clinic and region.
Frequently asked questions
What is Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) - "dry eye"?
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), commonly known as dry eye, is a chronic disease of the ocular system where the tear glands fail to produce enough natural tears. Without this protective moisture, the cornea (the clear surface of the eye) and surrounding tissues become dry, inflamed, and highly susceptible to painful damage.
How is Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) - "dry eye" tested?
Tests currently in our database: ECVO Augenuntersuchung (DOK).
Which breeds are most affected?
Most commonly affected: Pug, Puggle, West Highland White Terrier, Bloodhound, Boston Terrier, Bull Terrier, Chihuahua, Chiweenie.